Ameer Taimur. The Turco-Mongol conqurerer

Introduction:

Taimur, often known as Timur, was a Turko-Mongol conqueror who, in the 14^th century, conquered much of the Muslim-ruled portions of Central Asia and India.

Timur founded the Timurid Empire and the Timurid dynasty, which lasted until 1857.Timur translates to “iron.” He was born in 1336 in the Persian city of Shahrisabz, which is now part of modern-day Uzbekistan.

Timur became known as Tamerlane.Russian archaeologists discovered two missing fingers on Tamerlane’s right hand during the excavation of his tomb.

Timur was the last of the Eurasian Steppe’s great nomadic conquerors, and his kingdom paved the way for the more structured and long-lasting Islamic gunpowder empires of the 16^th and 17^th centuries. Timur was of Turkic and Mongol heritage, and while he was unlikely to be a direct descendent on either side, he did share a common ancestor on his father’s side with Genghis Khan.

Some scholars have speculated that his mother was a descendent of Khan. [18][19] He was plainly attempting to invoke the legacy of the latter’s conquests while he was still alive.  Timur envisioned the revival of Genghis Khan’s Mongol Empire (died 1227) and considered himself as Genghis Khan’s heir, according to Gérard Chaliand. 

Timur’s forces were multi-ethnic and feared throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe,wreaking havoc on large swaths of territory. Scholars estimate that his military actions killed 17 million people, or around 5% of the world’s population at the time. Khwarazm, of all the lands he conquered, bore the brunt of his conquests, rising up against him multiple times. 

Timur was the great-grandfather of Babur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire, which ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent at the time. Timur was the grandfather of the Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician Ulugh Beg, who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449.

Military leader:

Timur rose to prominence as a military leader in the region around 1360, with most of his troops being Turkic nomads. He participated in campaigns in Transoxiana with the Chagatai Khanate’s Khan. He attacked Khorasan[51] with a thousand horsemen, allying himself both in cause and by family connection with Qazaghan, the dethroner and destroyer of Volga Bulgaria. This was his second military expedition, and its success prompted more operations, including the conquest of Khwarazm and Urgench. 

Following the assassination of Qazaghan, disagreements emerged among the several contenders to sovereign power. Another descendant of Genghis Khan, Tughlugh Timur of Kashgar, the Khan of the Eastern Chagatai Khanate, entered, halting the infighting. Timur was dispatched to talk to the invader.

Timur’s Conquests:

Timur (1336-1405 A.D.) was a notable Central Asian military leader and conqueror. He ascended to the throne of each kingdom he conquered.His one leg was injured during a battle, and he hobbled for the remainder of his life.Timur-the Lame became his moniker after that. Timur-i-Lang was his Persian name.

Timur built a massive empire that comprised Transoxiana, a portion of Turkistan,

Afghanistan, Persia, Syria, Qurdistan, Baghdad, Georgia, and the majority of Asia Minor. He was successful in plundering southern Russia and parts of India. Delhi was the city that took the brunt of the damage. “Wherever he went, he brought ruin, killings, burning, plundering, and disgrace to women,” it is told about Timur’s invasions.

Spreading of Islam:

“My purpose in invading Hindustan is to lead an expedition against the unbelievers, convert them to the genuine faith of Islam, and purify the area itself from filth, unbelief, and polytheism,” Timur has stated. He aspired to be known as a ‘Gazi’ by spreading Islam.

Taimur Attach on Delhi:

Timur’s mission began in August 1398 in Kabul and ended in December 1398 in Delhi. He seized and robbed all the towns on his march to Delhi. The last Sultan of the Tughlaq dynasty, Sultan Mahmud Shah, and his Vazir’ (Prime Minister) departed Delhi. Timur ordered a 15-day murder and looting of the entire city.

Timur executed around one lakh people in Delhi, according to Sharaf-ud-Din and Mir Khud. Timur left the three towns of Delhi, Sri, Old Delhi, and Jahan Panah, desolate.

“The triumph was complete,” Lane-poole writes, “and Timur, pitching his camp near Firoz Shah’s tomb, paid thanks to God with tears of pleasure in his eyes for three days.”

Taimur’s death:

When Taimurlang, who was 80 years old at the time, went hunting, God appeared to him in the guise of the Jinda Saint. He explained to him that he would go to hell if he did not perform worship. Taimurlang was reminded by Kabir Saheb of how he only had one Roti at home. Taimurlang knelt at Baba’s feet and received initiation at that moment. Then he passed the throne to his grandson. He lived another ten years. That soul is in the process of birth and death. However, the seed of adoration has been planted. He would not have believed it if God had asked him to worship in that poverty. Only Supreme God Kabir ji understands how to release a soul from Kaal’s grip.In his conquest he killed atlest 17 million people.